Scientists Reconstruct Alaskan Fireball Path Using Sound Waves

• Scientists reconstructed the path of an Alaskan fireball using seismic and infrasound data after visual capture failed.
• The object entered at a 19-degree angle, traveling at 50,000–56,000 mph, with an energy release of 38 tons of TNT.
• This study marks the first successful use of ground vibration and sound to guide radar in locating a meteorite debris field.

Methodology

• Researchers from Sandia National Laboratories identified a distinctive N-shaped wave pattern in seismic data, characteristic of a decaying shock front.
• Fifty-seven instruments—a mix of seismic stations and infrasound sensors—captured the event from distances up to 360 miles away.
• Data allowed the team to calculate the trajectory and fragmentation point, directing NASA radar to search for falling debris.

Findings

• The reconstruction was validated against independent public security camera and dashcam footage.
• The object likely originated from the main asteroid belt.
• The event demonstrates a robust planetary defense tool for tracking meteors when traditional optical systems, such as all-sky cameras and satellites, fail to record an event.